Shaving device



Nov. 11, 1941. G. nALkowlTz SHAVING DEVICE Filed June 26, 1937 INVENTOR I B Godfreg Dalkowl ATTORNEY tionof shaving head.

Patented Nov; 1 1, 1941 n ES PATENT OFFICE.

, i l SHAVING DEVICE? f "i Godfrey Dalkowitz, Brooklyn, N. Y., assignor t0,

American Safety Ra'zor Corporation, Brooklyn,

N.'Y.',a corporation of Virginia I 1' I ApplicationJune 26, 1937,-Serial,No. 150,497

l Thisinvention relates to the art of dry shaving "in which the'shaving operation is effected for the hair such: as by the; use of'shaving soap or cream and in particular it relates :to a device having relativelymovable parts for effectinga shaving operationhby asclipping or shearing of thehair. e I Among"thelgeneralobjects of my invention is the provision ofashaving devicemade of elements which can be manufactured inexpensively,

and assembled-quickly and economically to provide an eificientlyiunctioning instrument.

middle portion of the shaving head and may be described as being constituted by a centralrib or without any preliminary. or auxiliary treatment .flangell havingleg'portions l6 and I8 depending therefrom and having portions projecting laterally outward from both sides of the flange 'at the upper part thereof, on the outer ends of which are formed the teeth 20. The teeth 20 areseparated by slots22 and, together with the portions adjacent thereto, constitute what may For theattainment of these objects and such other objectsaswillhereinafter appear or be pointed out I have shown several illustrative embodiments of my-invention in the drawing,

in which:- r Figural: is a perspective view showing ashav ing head according to my invention completel assembled and mounted in a handle;

a Figure 2 is a: sectionalview on an enlarged scale substantially on the-line 2-,-2 of Figure 1 looking in the direction ofthe arrows; 1

, Figure 3 is an exploded view on a scale large than that of Figure l showing in perspective the component parts of the assembly of Figure I constituting the shaving head;

Figure-4 is a sectional view substantially on the line 4-4of- Figure 2 looking in the direction of the arrowsy r Figure 5 is a detailview in plan showing the configuration of the hair receiving slots; a

, Figure 6 is a view similarto Figure -5 showing a modified construction; and

Figure 7 is an endview of amodified construc- By referringflto Figure 1 it will be observed that I have ther'e shown a shaving headA that constitutes the subject or my invention mounted;

; configurations, and. as also clearly appears from be termedthe stationary cutter, the outersurface of which, is shown in Figure 2 as convex and asysloping down iroma central crest 24, and this surface during the process of shaving engages the surface to be shaved. The lower surfaces of both, sets of teeth 20 are shown as lying in the same plane. As a consequence of these I Figure 2,'=the teeth 20 are tapered outwardly and they are shown as very thin, particularly at their. end portions, such thinness of course being desirable because it permits of close shaving,

whichrequires that the cutting take place close ,tothesurface to be shaved and consequently -that thelregion of the cutting, which in the ,1 construction disclosed is at the inner surface of -theteeth20, be close to such surface.

In order r at least partly to overcorne thedisadvantages of in a handle B. Thelatterieature does not constitute part of myinvention and may be disa missed with the general 'statementthat itmay be of anysuitable or preferred type, such, for

of the'shaving head.

My shaving head comprises in general what may be termed a ,fixed part and a movable part, and the fixed and movable parts are provided with cutting teeth that pass over each other and effect the shearing or clipping action. r The fixed partpf-my shaving headcomprises a member 12 that is shown as positioned inthe example as a casing within which may be posi-f tioned a source of motive power,-such as an electric motor,for-imparting movement to the parts 3 having the cutting teeth so thin, the stationary cutter may be reinforced by having its end portions raised into ribs as shown at 24.

Positioned on each side of the member I2 is an element 26 that Imay term a spacer be- 'causeoi'its spacing function, as will appear, and

on-the outer side of each spacer is positioned a guardmemberi28. .As shown in the drawings, my construction is such that all of these ele- J ments may be united in a single assembly operation-such as by "merely passing one or more rivets 30 through registering openings in the legs l6yan'd l8 of themember l2, and in the spacer and guard members 26 and28.

It will be observed that when the component elements of the fixed parts of my shaving head are assembledinth'eir proper operative relation ,thereris ahollow space in the shaving head that l is open at the bottom and limited at the top by therrib portion M of the member l2, and that,

due'to the iact that the spacers 26 extend only part of the distance to the top, lateral channels are formed beneath thetooth portions of the member 24. Within the space just described is t positioned a cutter denoted in general by 32 and comprising a centralportion 34 carrying two laterally disposedtooth portions 36 separated by a 'ch'annel38, this channel being adapted to receive the rib l4 of the member I2 in slidable operations of inserting and heading 'therivetsi30; In this way I am enabled to manufacture-..an

efficiently operating dry shaver in a very simple and inexpensive manner by 'an -assembly operation of parts each of which is simpleand inexpensive to make and which can be easily assembled.

After the riveting operation the complete: assembly may be subjected to a finishing operation consisting only of surface grinding, all the other necessary operations having. been performed on the individual parts whichmay also have previouslybeen given the correct heat treatment. It follows that 'sinceithe fixed portion is composed of' separateselements, that each of: these elements may be'given a heat treatment different from. that ofithe otherv elements, so that, for instance, these parts thateffect the cutting function may be made relativelyhard for that' purpose, whereas the spacing members, whose function is only that of spacing and holding theother parts in the correct relative position may be made relatively soft'and tough, whereby they will add strength to the assembly, other parts of .which may be relatively brittle.

By referring to Figure 2 it will further. be

observed that the teeth 40 are coterminous With teeth andthat they are of triangular outwardlytapering contour and that their upper surfaces engage the lower surfaces of the Lteeth 20 in slidable relation thereto. triangular contour of the teeth 40 an open channel portion 44 is left on each side of the shaving head and this is found very advantageous for the disposal of shaving waste since these.channels are shown merging into openings 46, a pair" of which are provided in each guard member 28. For facilitating the outward movement of :the waste the upper surface of each spacer plate is shown as inclined and as merging into the lower surface of the openings-46, whichzare similarly inclined.

It is to be understood that the teeth Zlland 40 are provided with cutting edges formed respectively on the lower surfaces of teeth 20 and the upper surfaces of teeth 40 and that theseedges cooperate in a'shearing action asthey are moved relatively to each other.

At its upper portion each guard member is provided with a shoe portion that is traversed by a plurality of slots breaking-up the shoe" portion into a plurality of teeth 50. that are'in close adjacency to and in registration with the teeth 2!] of thestationary cutter. The teeth 50 Because of the their outer end portions as shown at 52, with the result that the slots 48 widen or flare outwardly at their entrance portions as indicated at 5|, whereby, when the shaver is moved in the direction of the slots, substantially all the hairs encountered will be received in the wide entrance portions of the slots of the shoe portion and will be guided into the narrow portions of the slots 48, from which they will. pass directly into the slots 24' of the stationary cutter, at which point they are subjected to a cutting operation. It will be observed that the function of the slots 48 is restricted merely to guiding.

It will further be observed that the teeth 50 overhang the walls ofthe guardmembers 28, whereby long hairs .may enter the slots 52, and that the latter are shown as provided with reinforced portions 54 ateach end thereof.

In order to provide for reciprocation of the movable cutter 32 in relation to the stationary cuttertheportion 34. of thetcutter 32issh0wn asr-providedwith a;recess56 into which projects the end 58 of aleverfidthat: may berecipro'oated or ioscillatedtfrom: any suitable source of power,

.such, for example, as: an' electricm'otor positioned within thehandle; and it will be further observed .that..the portion 34 is..-made shorter thannthe channel 38 at both ends so that it will not interfere with zthextleg portions- IB and I8 of thevstationary cutter as 'the cutter-.32 is reciprocated,

.' whereby the ends of .thecutter are of forked configuration the prongs oftthe-fork being constituted. byuextensi'ons ofz.v the cutting. portions, which in :the assembled; relation embrace: the legs Hi and H! of the stationary cutter.

Meansmay be provided to maintain the shearing contact between thejteeth 20 and 40; and I have shown means for this purpose in-Figure 4, comprising a pair of plungers 62 having enlarged heads 631 that slide within bores 64 provided at any suitable-place the handle, and helical springs 66-. positioned within thecbores and as pressing the..e1'1larged;head 63 outward so as to press the plunger 62 againstthe cutter 32. Since the outer ends: of wtheplungers 62 are capable of lateral -mov-ement :I may provide recesses. '68

have no cutting function but merely'serve as an advance portion of the fixed part of the shaving head and to receive in the slots thereof the hairs that are encountered as the shaving device moves over the surface to be shaved. To accomplish the latter function satisfactorily I1have shown the lower end of-the -bore,-. whereby .the pressure of the springs may be adjusted; while the screws are readily removed-fortherpurpose of inserting the plungers 6-2 and the springsfifi.

. In Figure 6 1-: have "shown aconstruction-sfor .the teeth of.the-guard member 28'iwhich is "sim- .ilarin every :way to athat shown in Figure 5 except that 'theouteraportions of .the teeth-'50. are

shown as uniformly. tapered instead of as taper- .ingtalong thewcurves shown inFigure 5, as aresult of which. the end .portions 52 of theeteeth 50-may be described astruncatedwedges- The effect of this construction,"inwgeneral, is however ridentical twith. that. of the. construction shown in' Figure 5.

In Figure 7 I have-shown a'construction :that differs from that ofrFigure lpnly in :that the outer face of :the shear: plate and the guardmem- =bers:lie in the same-.planeiinstead of beingconthe teeth 58 astapered in a-horizontal :planeat -veX1-y contoured: while'the: lower faces of. ,the'two sets of teeth 205. lie in divergent planes. The parts inthis figure havebeen numbered similarly to" those of Figures lto except that the numeralslare double primedand it is consequently believed to beunnecessaryto describe the parts of slidable contact"with said cutting teeth of said .central member, andfconnecting elements each.

passing respectively through the guard members,

It'willx beunderstood that while I have herein disclosed several embodiments of my invention thatthis disclosure is fortpurposes of illustration only, and thatmyinvention may be embodied in many other forms without departing from the spirit thereof, aswill be obvious to those skilled in the artyand that thei disclosure herein is by way of illustration merely'and is notto be construed in a limiting sensegand that I don'ot limitmyselfother than ascalled for by the prior art.

Having thus described my invention and illustrated its use, what I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent, isi r 1. A dry shaver comprising a face engaging plate having supporting legs with flat sides depending therefrom adjacent its ends, and a cutter face engaging plate and havingspaced Drojections extending forwardly and backwardly therefrom and having flat innersides to embrace the legs duringits movement and to engage their flat sides in sliding contact. i

2.]A shaving head comprising a slotted sta- 1 tionary cutter, a movablecutter slidable in relation to said stationary cutter, a slotted guard 3. A dryshaver comprising a face engaging member, guards laterallythereof, and spacer members between the guards and the member,

and means for securing all the said parts in assembled relation, said means passing through all of said parts.

i 4. A dry shaver comprising a stationary cutter, a movable cutter therebeneath, guards laterally thereof, and spacer members for the guards positioned below the movable cutter in spaced relater, the guards being cut away opposite said space for the discharge of the cut hairs and the upper surface of each spacer member and the lower wall of each cut away guard portion being inclined and merging into each other so as to form asingle surface.

5. A dry shaver having a central member of inverted U-shape with'cutting teeth extending laterally from both sides of the U and having legs of substantially uniform width, a guard member positioned on each side ofsaid central portion and in parallel relation thereto, the inner wall of each saidguard member being flat and having a slotted portion which is positioned in close adjacency to said cutting teeth, a pair of spacer members of substantially uniform thickness, one disposed between each of said guard members and therlegs of the central member so as to fill the space therebetween except at the upper portion where a space is left, and whereby a space is formed betweensaid spacer members and said unite them;

the spacers and the leg of the U and serving to 6. In a dry shaver head, a stationary cutter, a movable cutter, and fixed members carried by said stationary cutter, a channel for receiving shaving waste boundedby an outer wall provided with a discharge opening, a continuous fixed inner and bottom wall extending from end to endof the membermounted for movement relatively to the i tion to provide a space beneath the movable cutchannel and abutting said outer wall, and the upper wall being constituted by the oute'rwall of said movable cutter andby the outer walls of said fixed members over whichthe ends of said cutter slide, and the said upper wallabuttingthe outer wall at'one side thereof and abutting theinn'er and bottom wall at the other 'sidethereof, where,- by shaving Waste is excluded" from the interior of theshaver head. I l

7. In adry shaver head, a toothed face-engagingmemberya U-shaped portion of substantially uniform thickness depending from said member, a channeled toothed cutter adapted to slidably receive the bight portion of said U withinthe channel thereof, said cutter beingadaptedto cooperatewith said member to effect a shearing action, and the side Walls of the channel of said cutter being extended so as to slidablycontact the side walls of the leg portion of said -U,and the channeled portion of the cutter being of such length that as it moves slidably in relationto said bight portion, the aforesaid extensions will always'bemaintained in slidable contact with the said member, saidlegs being of substantially uniform rectangular cross section and of uniform thickness, and a flangeof the same thickness as said legs running along the lower side ofjsaid member in alignment with and between said legs, whereby a cutter having a channel therein of a widthslightly greater than the thickness of the flange and the legs,'may receive said flange and portions of the legs within its channel and may be moved relatively to said stationary cutter element with the side walls of the channel sliding over the side walls of said flange and of said legs.

9. A movable cutter for a dry shaver compris- I ing a member channeled centrally of its Width, a

cutter is adapted to receive Within its channel a legs, a cutter element disposed within said space in the upper portion and having cutting teethin rib and leg portions on a stationary cutter, which rib and leg portions have a thickness slightly less than the width of the channel. e i

10. A dry shaver having a central member, of

inverted U-shape with cutting teeth extending laterally from both sides of the U and havinglegs of substantially uniform width, a guard member positioned on each side of said central portion and in parallel relation thereto, the inner wall-of each said guard member being flat and having a slotted portion which is positioned in close adjacency to said cutting teeth, a pair of spacer members of substantially uniform thickness, one disposed between each of said: guard members and the legs ofthecentral member so as to fill'the space-therebetween except at the upper portion where a space is left, .and whereby awspace' is formed between said spacer member and'said :legs, a cutter element disposed within'said space in the upper portion and having cutting teeth in slidable contactwith said cutting teeth of said central member, and connecting elements each passing respectively through the guard members, the spacers and the leg of the U and serving to unite *them, and said cuttenmeniber having a flange thereon slidable in the spaceabetweentsaid spacer members: and said legs.

11. Aistationary cutter element'foraidry shaver ":comprising a face..-engaging plate, teethprojecting: laterally from the opposite edges thereof, and substantially straight supporting legs depending therefrom intermediate of the teeth,. said legs being of a substantially uniform rectangular cross section throughout and-having fiat side faces; and the sideleg faces disposed on oneside of the: element lying in' one plane and the side leg faces disposed on the other side of the element lying inanother plane," whereby'said legs; are adapted for the attachment of fiatiplatesoverlying'theside leg faces on' oppositerfsides of3said legs.

12. In a shaving device: a shaving-headcomprising 'a stationary cutter,'a movable cutter in sliding contact with said stationarycutter, a handle provided with a recessfor-seating said shaving head, means in said'handle extending into engagement with said movable cutter for reciprocating it relatively tosaid: stationary cutter, means for maintaining the slid-ing contact of said movable cutter land-said stationarycutter, said meanscomprising a pair of plungers, a mounting for-each of said plungers in said handle comprising ashoulderonthe handle, an abutment on the plunger, andan abutment on the handle, .spring means acting between said abutment on the han- .dle and =theabutment on the plunger for urging the abutment on the plungereagainst theshoulder,- said abutment on the plunger-and the shoulder being relatively so -contoured that the plung- L ermay have limited pivotal movement relatively thereto, said plungers being spaced from each other in:the direction of movement of said outter, andrecesses in said movable cutter, each adapted to receive the end of one of said plungers.

13. A dry shaver comprising aface engaging member havingflat face portions thereon, flatfaced guards laterally thereof,'and flat-faced spacer members between the guards and the face engaging. member, and a single'means for securing all the parts inassembled relation withltheir fiat portions in superposed adjacency.

14. A dry shaver having a central member of inverted U-shape with cutting teeth extending laterally from both sides of .the U, a guard member positioned on each side of said central portion and in parallel relation thereto, the inner wall of each said guardmemberibeing flat and having a slotted portion which is positioned in close adjacency to said cutting teeth, a pair of spacer members of substantiallyuniform thickness disposed between each of said guard members and the central member so as to fill the space therebetween except at the upper portion where a space is left, a cutter element disposed within said space and having cutting teeth in slidable contact with said cutting teeth of said central member, and connecting elements each passing respectively through theguard members, the spacers and the leg of the U and serving to unite them.

15. A dry shaver comprising astationary cutter, and amovable cutter therebeneath, having teeth projecting, laterally therefrom, a spacer plate beneath the movable cutter and a guard positioned laterally of the movable cutter, the spacerplate being of a width to position the guard in sufficiently close adjacency to the ends of the teeth of the stationary cutter to prevent the entry of skin into the space therebetween, and means interconnecting said stationary cutter, said guard and said spacer plate.

GODFREY DALKOWITZ. 

